Do I have enough Life Assurance cover?

It is understood that if you plan to purchase a property in Ireland, you will be required to have a Mortgage Protection policy in place. This policy is to pay back the loan amount in the event of death.

Is this enough life cover? Depending on your age and whether you have a family or dependents, then no, Mortgage Protection alone is regularly not enough.

Why would I need more Life Assurance cover? A salary coming into a household is used for bills, loans, savings, and other big life events. If this salary ceases in the event of death, a replacement will be needed to cover the shortfall. If you have a young family, you will need more cover as you will need any benefits to last for a longer time.

How much is enough? We tend to avoid thinking about losing our loved ones, let alone the financial consequences. There is more than one way to work out how much life cover one might need. A basic starting point is to multiply your gross salary or your household annual expenses by a factor of eight.

The following quotations are an example of the cost of Life Assurance for a couple who are non-smokers and with the option of conversion (this allows you to convert your policy before the term ends to a new policy without the need to provide medical evidence). The term is for 10 years, and the cover is €250,000.

Age 30 € 23.19 per month

Age 40 € 40.41 per month

Age 50 € 87.52 per month

You may not need extra Life Assurance or less cover in the case where; your dependents are financially independent, you have death-in-service benefit through your job, you have substantial savings, or you have investments or a property which could provide an income or be sold.

Income Protection…is it necessary?

If you were unable to return to work long-term due to an illness or from the after-effects of an illness, would it be possible for you to sustain your current standard of living? How long will your employer pay your salary if you are unable to work for an extended period?

What is Income / Salary Protection?  Income Protection is different to serious illness cover and is designed to provide people with income replacement in the event of serious illness or if they are unable to work for a prolonged period of time. It can also be called Permanent Health Insurance (PHI).

Who is it for?  It is particularly important for those who are self-employed or people who are not entitled to a salary while off work due to a medium to long term illness or disability.

Why would I need it?  If you had an ATM in your house which held more than €500,000 in cash that you could access monthly for your day-to-day expenses, would you insure it?

We do not always think about income and future earnings as an asset. It funds our lifestyle, mortgage/rent bills, children’s education, life in retirement etc. In turn we also do not realise that as one of our biggest assets, this needs to be protected or insured. We don’t hesitate to insure our cars, houses, pets but we rarely think to insure the one thing that pays for these items…our income.

Pros: It can cover up to 75% of your income, tax relief is available on premiums paid subject to specified limits.

Cons: Depending on age, occupation and medical history, the premium can be costly, but the tax relief can bring the cost down.

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Executive Income Protection can be set up by an employer who wants to provide income security for key employees or directors. The cost of pension contributions can also be covered under this plan. One benefit for employers or business owners is that the premiums qualify as allowable business expenses so they can be offset against corporation tax.

Personal Income Protection is similar to Executive Income Protection and can be set up by individuals who pay the premium themselves and claim the appropriate tax relief personally.

Wage Protector is more budget-friendly and most suitable for more manual occupations or for workers in riskier jobs which may be more expensive to insure.

Cashflow Planning

The heading makes the task sound a bit boring, and slightly business-like… but the actuality of this term is something we all do in everyday life! Each month, most of us will have bills to pay, maybe a mortgage/rent, household utilities, insurance…followed by food/clothing bills, savings and hopefully some funds to put aside for a social life or something nice to enjoy as a reward for our hard work. This short-term planning is an important and smart habit to have and can help us be prepared for any unexpected bills or events that may occur along the way.

A secure online financial planning system we use for creating financial reviews can help with the long-term cashflow planning. It allows safe access to a portal where you input your expenditure/liabilities, savings/income and most importantly, your objectives now and further into the future. The more information you can input, the clearer the picture can be for your financial adviser and the more accurate the recommendation. It helps to highlight any areas where you may need to perhaps direct funds towards protecting yourself and your family or maybe towards saving for big life events such as starting a family, college fees, buying a property or preparing for life in retirement, to give some examples. Or maybe you have a dream of cruising around the world and want to figure out how you can make it happen!

Although this system helps identify the areas you need to focus on and it is planning for the long-term, nothing is ever set in stone and life can change in a heartbeat. The results and graphs can show you various scenarios throughout your life and the impact they may have on your finances.

Once we provide the results and recommendation, it is up to you to decide on the next step. As life can be ever-changing and unpredictable at times, we feel it is important to review your cashflow status every one to two years or should your circumstances change. So, as you have your monthly planning habits, an annual check-in on your cashflow plan will help give you peace of mind knowing you are using your money wisely and as best you can to achieve your goals.

Apart from mapping out a financial plan for the future, it is also a good opportunity to review any existing life policies or pensions you may have. Once you give signed instruction to a provider, your adviser can contact the life and pension companies on your behalf for further policy details. If you would like to see more information on cashflow planning, just visit www.drumgoolebrokerage.ie/planning.

Saved Smart… what’s next?

Potential options for a €200,000 Pension

Last month we looked at how you can potentially turn €120,000 of savings into a pot of €200,000. Our sample subject took the advice provided and placed €40,000 of their salary into a pension for 5 years, between the ages of 60-65, to build up a pension of €200,000. They received tax-relief of 40% on these pension contributions. So, what can they now do with their pension savings?

There are different potential retirement options available in what is called an Occupational Pension plan. For the purposes of keeping this simple, I will discuss the retirement options that are available in most pension arrangements. The options for our sample retiree will be as follows:

Value at 65:    €200,000

Tax-Free Lump Sum: 25% of the fund = €50,000

Balance of Funds: €150,000 - can be used to provide a level of income for life in one of the following two ways:

1.    Annuity

You place your €150,000 with a pension company and they pay you a guaranteed income for the rest of your life. At the moment, a 65-year-old may get an income of roughly €5,325 per year (subject to income tax)

The biggest pro of this option is that you are not reliant on fund performance. The biggest drawback is that once you have purchased the pension, you cannot make any changes and once you pass away it ceases.

2.    ARF/AMRF (Approved Retirement Fund / Approved Minimum Retirement Fund)

This is where you reinvest your €150,000 and draw an income out of the proceeds. The biggest benefit is the flexibility (you can take different amounts when you want) and this will pass onto your estate/partner upon your death.

The biggest downside is that you can theoretically draw it all down and/or the fund value does not perform as well to make back what you take out of it.

“I pay income tax on my pension when I retire?!”. This is something I hear from time to time, but remember, you will have had tax relief when you put money into your pension, you gained tax-free growth on your savings, and you received 25% of the fund tax-free at retirement.

Not just that, at retirement you are earning less income, with a sole pension of €150,000 and only the state pension. A lot of individuals (and couples) will pay little to no income tax on their €150,000.

Turn a savings pot of €120,000 on deposit, into €200,000 in 5 years...

Following on from planning for your retirement in last month’s article, I will give an example of how you can really take advantage of tax relief to grow your savings. The following example is theoretically possible for many people, subject to certain revenue guidelines and depending on what pensions you already have accrued.

I will use an example of a person aged 60 who may consider this proposal, for the purpose of this article. They either have no pension savings or are looking to boost their pension pot as much as they can before retirement. I am going to assume they are currently on a salary of €100,000 and are paying 40% income tax on more than €40,000 of their take home income. (for a married couple with one/two salaries, the income tax rate may differ).

Salary subject to 40% Tax Income tax @ 40% Income in pocket

€40,000 €16,000 €24,000

·         In this example I have not included PRSI / USC or any other expenses/benefits, this is just to highlight income tax relief potential.

In this illustration the “income in pocket” portion is the income you will be receiving into your hand after income tax has been deducted.

Say this person has substantial savings on deposit, for example €120,000 sitting in their bank account. We know that €40,000 of their annual income is only worth €24,000 into their hand after they pay income tax.

If you pay into a pension, you get tax relief at your standard rate (you do not pay income tax subject to revenue limits). So, for 5 years, this person could put €40,000 per year from their income into a pension. Their take-home income would decrease by €24,000 but if needed they could subsidize it (if they want) by taking funds from their €120,000 savings (€24,000 x 5 = €120,000).  After 5 years they would end up with a pension pot of €200,000 at 65.

At 65 you could have €200,000 in your pension but since you received €80,000 (€16,000 x 5) in tax relief it only cost you €120,000 to get your pension to €200,000. For a self-employed person, the savings could be even greater as they may have to pay over 50% tax (PRSI/USC) on money drawn down from their company. They may have the option of putting in a company contribution of up to €200,000, which may have only been worth €100,000 in drawn down income.

In the next article I can look at the options you would have with your €200,000 pension.

You can retire today, what are you going to do?

I recently spent 2 hours going through a financial plan with a couple who are planning on retiring over the next few years. They have substantial savings in pensions and in the bank. They wanted to get an idea of how they might manage financially post-retirement and look at how some scenarios (new car, long holiday etc.) might affect their savings.

One thing I would like to point out is that these are new clients and they had built up their savings and pensions over a long period of time. They had already done a superb job building up their retirement nest egg, but they came to me to see what their options were and if they had enough to fund a comfortable lifestyle in retirement.

One question asked was “I was just wondering if based on our existing savings and pensions, can we afford to retire today if we want?”. So, we discussed what they have planned for retirement, what they roughly might need for a comfortable standard of living and it transpired that they could in fact afford to stop working today. In return, I asked them “Is there a reason why you would choose not to retire?”.

We then discussed whether they should try to grow their substantial savings which is currently sitting on deposit. I discussed the pros and cons of investing it (inflationary risk, negative interest rates) but also clarified that in their case, they actually didn’t need to invest the money.

We also discussed potential inheritance tax and I showed them an alternative plan that can cover the tax liability their children may accrue later down the line. The best part of this particular type of plan is the flexibility to change if their situation changes and the option to cash it out after a specific period of time.

If you are retiring soon and you are unsure of how life will look in retirement, you may find a financial review like this helpful. It may also help you make adjustments that could make a massive difference to what you might get from your pension. When you are in your 60’s, you can put up to 40% of your salary into your pension and get tax relief at your marginal rate.

In the next article I will show a simple example of how you could potentially make a savings pot of €120,000 on deposit turn into €200,000 in 5 years.

The Impact of Covid-19 on your Protection Policy

Over the past year, some of the following queries have come up and hopefully these answers may help to ease any concerns.

Does my life assurance policy cover Covid-19?

As your life assurance policy is designed to pay an agreed sum on the death of the policyholder, a payment will be made should death occur as a result of Covid-19.

Is Covid-19 classed as a specified illness under my critical/serious illness cover?

Critical or serious illness cover is designed to pay a lump sum on diagnosis of a specified illness of the policyholder. As Covid-19 is a new illness, it will not be covered or listed as a specified illness under this particular type of protection policy. However, should Covid-19 develop into one of the illnesses specified listed under your policy, you may then be eligible to claim for this illness in accordance with the policy’s other normal terms and conditions.

I can’t afford to pay my premium for my protection policy, but I want to keep the policy. What can I do?

In this instance many insurers will offer either a payment holiday or a reinstatement option. A payment holiday will allow you to defer your monthly premium for a certain amount of months without losing cover on the policy, so a valid claim during the payment holiday would still be covered under the policy. A reinstatement option will allow the policy to be reinstated after a period of missed payments with little or no updated underwriting required. You will be required to pay the missed payments at the end of the period.

Is Covid-19 covered under my income protection policy? Can I claim on this if I have been made redundant or lost my job due to Covid-19?

Income protection insurance is designed to replace some or all of your regular income in the event that you are too ill to work for a period of time. This assumes that you will be medically advised to take time off work and most policies will require that a diagnosis of an illness, including Covid-19, has been received in order to claim on that policy. It should be noted that many policies will include a deferred period which must take place before the claim will be paid.

Will I be asked about Covid-19 if I apply for a life, critical/serious illness or income protection policy?

Yes. Insurers may ask Covid-19 related questions in different ways but will be likely to cover whether you are currently experiencing symptoms and whether you have been tested/waiting on results of a test.